ADVERBIAL CLAUSES

Pengertian, Rumus, dan Contoh Adverbial Clause

Pengertian Adverbial Clause

• Adverbial clause adalah dependent clause yang berfungsi sebagai adverb (kata keterangan) dan memberikan informasi tentang verb, adjective, atau adverb yang berada pada independent clause dengan kapasitasnya menjawab pertanyaan: how, when, where, why, atau to what degree. 
• Gabungan klausa ini dengan independent clausedinamakan dengan complex sentence (kalimat kompleks), yaitu kalimat yang terdiri dariindependent dan satu atau lebih dependent clause.
• Adverbial clause dimulai dengan suatu kata yang disebut subordinate conjunction (when, after, because, though, etc). Kata ini berguna untuk menjembatani hubungan dengan independent clause yang diterangkan.
• Macam-macam klausa ini antara lain: adverbial clause of time (waktu), place (tempat), cause & effect(sebab & akibat), purpose & result (tujuan & hasil), condition (pengandaian), contrast/consession(pertentangan), manner (cara), dan reason (alasan).

Complex Sentence	Keterangan
When he cleaned the kitchen, he found a lot of expired food. (Dia membersihkan dapur ketika dia menemukan banyak makanan kadaluarsa.)	When= subordinate conjunction; When he cleaned the kitchen= adverbial clause; he found a lot of expired food= independent clause

Rumus Adverbial Clause

Rumus complex sentence dan adverbial clause adalah sebagai berikut.

Complex Sentence:

[Subject (+be/verb)] ≈ Independent Clause + Adverbial Clause

Adverbial Clause:

Subordinate Conjunction + S +V

Punctuation (Tanda Baca) pada Adverbial Clause

Adverbial clause dapat berada di awal kalimat, kemudian diikuti oleh independent clause. Sebaliknya, independent clause dapat berada di awal kalimat, kemudian diikuti oleh adverbial clause. Jika berada di awal, diujung klausa ini diberi tanda baca koma.

Contoh Complex Sentence:

• Di awal: Because I had free time, I visited your house.
• Di akhir: I visited your house because I had free time. (Saya mengunjungi rumahmu karena saya punya waktu luang.)

Fungsi Adverbial Clause

Fungsi dan contoh klausa kata keterangan ini dalam kalimat adalah sebagai berikut.

Fungsi	Contoh Adverbial Clause dalam Kalimat	Keterangan
memberikan informasi tentangverb	You were sleeping when she arrived. (Dia tiba ketika kamu sedang tertidur.)	verb= were sleeping; subordinate conjunction= when; adverbial clause= when she arrived
memberikan informasi tentangadjective	Her face is fresh because she always does exercise and eats fruits. (Wajahnya segar karena dia selalu berolahraga dan makan buah-buahan.)	adjective= fresh; subordinate conjunction= because; adverbial clause= because she always does exercise and eats fruits
memberikan informasi tentangadverb	He drove fast in order that he could arrive on time. (Dia mengemudi dengan cepat agar dia dapat tiba tepat waktu.)	adverb= fast; subordinate conjunction= in order that; adverbial clause= in order that he could arrive on time

References:

1. Kinds of Sentences and Their Punctuation. http://www.towson.edu/ows/sentences.htm. Accessed on September 30, 2012.
2. Dependent Clauses: Adverbial, Adjectival, Nominal. http://www.towson.edu/ows/advadjnomclause.htm. Accessed on October 5, 2012.
3. Clauses: the Essential Building-Blocks. http://grammar.ccc.commnet.edu/grammar/clauses.htm. Accessed on October 5, 2012.
4. When/While Indicating time-relative activities. http://www.grammar-quizzes.com/adv_whenwhile.html. Accessed on December 12, 2012.
5. esl.about.com: Using Adverb Cl. with Time Expressions
6. grammar.about.com: Adverb Cl.